Sports Medicine Research and News
The skeletal structure of the foot and ankle differs significantly between human sprinters and non-sprinters, according to Penn State researchers. Their findings not only help explain why some people are faster runners than others, but also may be useful in helping people who have difficulty walking, such as older adults and children with cerebral palsy.
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The arrival of winter is followed by an increase in visits to hospital emergency departments by young people presenting with head injuries resulting from winter activities, including tobogganing. Fortunately, helmets are known to reduce the risk of head injury; but with so many helmet options available today, which is the best one? New research is published today in the Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.
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Romauld Lepers and Thomas Cattagni, researchers from Inserm Unit 1093 "Cognition, Action and Sensorimotor Plasticity" at the Université de Bourgogone, have analyzed changes in participation and performance of runners aged 20 to 80 in the New York marathon over the last 30 years.
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Basketball fans in Cleveland may disagree, but two-time NBA Most Valuable Player Lebron James' decision to play with a higher-profile Miami Heat team and all-star teammates shows sound marketing and career-management acumen, according to newly published business school research focused on the evolution and importance of star status for today's professional athletes. In order to maximize their earnings and endorsements, today's celebrity athletes need to be mindful of the evolution of their star status.
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 | A new approach to motion capture technology is offering fresh insights into tennis injuries -- and orthopedic injuries in general. Researchers studied three types of tennis serves, and identified one in particular, called a "kick" serve, which creates the highest potential for shoulder injury. ...> Full Article |
For handball players, ankle sprains are just part of life. But this may be about to change: Christian Peham and colleagues at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna have undertaken a detailed analysis of the three most important ligaments in the ankle. The group investigated the ligaments' movements and the strains to which they are subjected during the jump shot, the most frequent shot at goal. Peham's study is published in the Journal of Biomechanics.
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Other than Olympic race walkers, people generally find it more comfortable to run than walk when they start moving at around two meters per second - about 4.5 miles per hour. North Carolina State University biomedical engineers Dr. Gregory Sawicki and Dr. Dominic Farris have discovered why: At two meters per second, running makes better use of an important calf muscle than walking, and therefore is a much more efficient use of the muscle's - and the body's - energy.
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The tradition of fighting in hockey should be stopped, as research shows that repeated head trauma causes severe and progressive brain damage, states an editorial in Canadian Medical Association Journal.
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Young football players may be at higher risk for stroke, according to a new study released in Journal of Child Neurology, published by SAGE.
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Testing athletes for concussions may induce mental fatigue in subjects whether or not they have a head injury, according to Penn State researchers.
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New research by Dr. Yonatan Loewenstein and graduate student Tal Neiman at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem shatters the myth that a player who scores one or more three-pointers improves his odds of scoring another. Appearing in Nature Communications, the report raises doubts about the ability of athletes in particular, and people in general, to predict future success based on past performance.
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 | It is now possible to use dental X-rays to predict who is at risk of fractures, reveals a new study from researchers at the Sahlgrenska Academy reported in the journal Nature Reviews Endocrinology. ...> Full Article |
In a new study, "Headache After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort Study," researchers analyzed the prevalence of headaches three and 12 months after mild, moderate or severe TBI in children ages 5 to 17, and discovered the risk of headache was higher in adolescents (ages 13 to 17) and in girls.
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 | They should prove a challenge for the athletes, but not put them in danger: bobsled runs have to be simulated before being built. This simulation is based on the friction levels of the runners on the ice. Now it has become possible to measure these levels accurately. These results will help build the run for the 2014 Olympic Winter Games. ...> Full Article |
Runners over the age of 60 are the fastest-growing group in the sport. A new study from the University of New Hampshire suggests that their running can remain fast as they age, too. The study, published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, found that the running economy -- how efficiently the body uses oxygen at a certain pace -- of older runners was no different than that of younger runners.
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